- Victoria becomes queen of England 1837.She opposed women's right to vote and believed that women's submission was God's will.
- Others believed women were intellectually inferior. M.H. Abrams is especially helpful on this point:"A woman who tried to cultivate her intellect beyond drawing-room accomplishments was violating the order of Nature and religious tradition. Woman was to be valued, instead, for other qualities considered to be esp. characteristic of her sex: tenderness of understanding, unworldliness and innocence,domestic affection, and in various degrees, submissiveness"
- Middle class women and upper middle class women suffered from boredom because they had no outlet for their energies.
- ¼ of England's female population in 1849 had jobs, either low-paying jobs, such as in factories or as domestics, or as governesses.
- Early critics of the novel had different opinions on Bronte's treatment of the woman question. Margaret Oliphant called the novel "a wild declaration of the Rights of Women in a new aspect"(在一个新的视角上对女权主义野性的宣言), and Elizabeth Rigby attacked its "pervading tone of ungodly discontent"(渗透着不虔诚的不满).
Intellectual equality of men and women Pg.116
Bored Pg.112-123
Governess Pg. 179-180
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